Rulebase

Hyphen in Compound Nouns

The Hyphen

Rulebase Summary

Use hyphens between two or more words that combine to form a single idea and function as a noun. These compound nouns name a thing or concept that is distinct from the individual words. Examples include free-for-all, know-how, no-brainer, people-pleaser, switch-hitter, one-upmanship, triple-dippers, and goings-on.

Morson's Rule 151 · p.95 BGGP Hyphen.12 · p.272 BGGP Hyphen.15 · p.275 BGGP Hyphen.16 · p.276 BGGP Hyphen.19 · p.276 BGGP Hyphen.20 · p.277 BGGP Hyphen.23 · p.277 BGGP Hyphen.13 · p.274

Examples

A. The whole meeting turned into a free for all.

A. The whole meeting turned into a free-for-all.

Free-for-all is a compound noun — hyphenate all elements.

Q. Did she have any know how in that area?

Q. Did she have any know-how in that area?

Know-how functions as a single noun and requires a hyphen.

Transcript Notes

Follow the dictionary form for compound nouns — there is no predictability as to whether a compound will be one word, hyphenated, or two words, and the noun form may differ from the verb form.

Hyphenate two nouns with different meanings that refer to the same person or thing (a slash may also be used). Hyphenate compound nouns that repeat, rhyme, or change a vowel. Hyphenate nouns with an understood 'to,' 'through,' or 'and' between them. Hyphenate when the compound has no noun form in it. Use the appropriate form to distinguish meaning when a hyphen changes the sense of the compound. Cross-reference between dictionaries if a word dominates the transcript.

Style Guide References (8)

Morson's

Rule 151 Page 95

BGGP

Hyphen.12 Page 272

BGGP

Hyphen.15 Page 275

BGGP

Hyphen.16 Page 276

BGGP

Hyphen.19 Page 276

BGGP

Hyphen.20 Page 277

BGGP

Hyphen.23 Page 277

BGGP

Hyphen.13 Page 274
See also (2)