Rulebase

Use Quotation Marks for Direct Quotations

The Quotation Mark

Rulebase Summary

Use quotation marks to set off direct quotations — the speaker's exact words.

When a direct quotation is divided into two parts by an interrupting expression like 'he said,' 'I replied,' or 'she answered,' end the first part with a comma inside the closing quotation mark, place a comma after the interrupting expression, open the quotation marks around the second part, and do not capitalize the first word of the resumed quotation unless it is a proper noun or 'I.' If the two parts are independent clauses with no conjunction between them, use a period after the interrupting expression and before the resumed clause.

Morson's Rule 94 · p.57

Examples

A. She said I never saw him before.

A. She said, 'I never saw him before.'

Direct quotation — set off with quotation marks and a comma.

A. 'No, I cannot change that' he said 'and I will never yield.'

A. 'No, I cannot change that,' he said, 'and I will never yield.'

Comma inside the closing quote and after the interrupting expression; lowercase 'and' resuming the quote.

Transcript Notes

When a witness recalls a long exchange, paragraph the words of one speaker from the words of the other for easier reading. The witness is sworn to tell the truth — use quotation marks as much as possible for clarity.

Style Guide References (1)

Morson's

Rule 94 Page 57
See also (4)