Rulebase

Commas with Appositives

The Comma

Rulebase Summary

Use commas to set off appositives — nouns or noun phrases placed after another noun to rename or explain it. If the proper noun comes first, the appositive description that follows is nonessential and set off with commas.

If a common noun comes first with a superlative or qualifying adjective (best, latest, first, last, only), and is then followed by a proper noun that identifies it, the proper noun is essential (restrictive) and is not set off with commas.

Reflexive pronouns (myself, yourself, himself) may or may not be set off, depending on whether emphasis or clarity is needed.

Morson's Rule 66 · p.42–43 BGGP Separating Comma.26 · p.193 BGGP Setting-Off Comma.10 · p.223 BGGP Parenthetical.6 · p.368 BGGP Appositive.1 · p.342 BGGP Appositive.2 · p.344 BGGP Appositive.3 · p.345 BGGP Appositive.11 · p.351 BGGP Appositive.12 · p.352

Examples

A. Dr. Patel the attending physician examined the patient at 3:00 a.m.

A. Dr. Patel, the attending physician, examined the patient at 3:00 a.m.

Nonessential appositive set off with commas.

A. My attorney Robert Feldman advised me not to sign.

A. My attorney, Robert Feldman, advised me not to sign.

Name renames the noun — commas around the appositive.

Transcript Notes

Appositives that immediately follow the word they rename are generally nonessential when they follow: (1) a proper noun, (2) a plural noun, or (3) a noun that can represent only one singular thing (e.g., 'my mother'). If the sentence continues after the nonessential appositive, it is surrounded by punctuation.

Style Guide References (9)

Morson's

Rule 66 Page 42–43

BGGP

Separating Comma.26 Page 193

BGGP

Setting-Off Comma.10 Page 223

BGGP

Parenthetical.6 Page 368

BGGP

Appositive.1 Page 342

BGGP

Appositive.2 Page 344

BGGP

Appositive.3 Page 345

BGGP

Appositive.11 Page 351

BGGP

Appositive.12 Page 352
See also (11)