Rulebase

Comma with 'Who,' 'Which,' 'Whom,' and 'In Which' Clauses

The Comma

Rulebase Summary

Use a comma or commas to set off a dependent clause beginning with 'who,' 'which,' 'whom,' or 'in which' when the clause renames and the renaming is unnecessary to the sentence's core meaning (nonrestrictive). These clauses add extra information but could be removed without changing the essential meaning.

Morson's Rule 70 · p.44 BGGP Separating Comma.30 · p.195 BGGP Setting-Off Comma.13 · p.225

Examples

A. The defendant who had no prior record was released on bail.

A. The defendant, who had no prior record, was released on bail.

Nonrestrictive 'who' clause set off with commas.

A. The report which was filed in March contained several errors.

A. The report, which was filed in March, contained several errors.

'Which' clause adds extra info — commas around it.

Transcript Notes

A nonessential adjective clause can be removed from the sentence and a complete grammatical sentence will remain. If the sentence goes on after the nonessential adjective clause, surround it with commas.

Style Guide References (3)

Morson's

Rule 70 Page 44

BGGP

Separating Comma.30 Page 195

BGGP

Setting-Off Comma.13 Page 225
See also (7)